Introduction to the Working Principle of Automotive Temperature Sensors: Intake Air Temperature Sens

In the intricate dance of a running engine, precision is paramount. Modern vehicles rely heavily on electronic control systems to ensure optimal performance under varying conditions. At the heart of this technological symphony lies the Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor—a crucial component that monitors the temperature of incoming air to aid the Engine Control Module (ECU) in making real-time adjustments.

The IAT sensor plays a pivotal role in maintaining the delicate balance between air and fuel, a cornerstone of efficient combustion within an engine. By constantly measuring the temperature of the intake air, the sensor provides essential data to the ECU, enabling it to calculate the ideal air-fuel mixture. This mixture directly impacts engine efficiency, power output, and emissions performance across different environmental temperatures.

During cold starts, for instance, the IAT sensor ensures the engine receives a richer fuel mixture to facilitate ignition in low-temperature conditions. Conversely, in warmer weather, it signals the ECU to adjust the fuel injection to a leaner mixture, optimizing combustion efficiency while minimizing emissions. Thus, the IAT sensor not only enhances engine performance but also plays a critical role in environmental sustainability.
 

Structure and Working Principle of the Intake Air Temperature Sensor

The intake air temperature sensor typically consists of a semiconductor thermistor (NTC), wires, and a housing, as shown in Figure 3-31. The characteristic of the NTC thermistor is that its resistance decreases as the temperature increases, as shown in Figure 3-32. When the intake air temperature of the engine rises, the sensor’s resistance decreases, resulting in a lower output voltage.


Minsing has been dedicated to manufacturing NTC thermistors for 30 years. They possess a specialized production line for automotive temperature sensors. The intake air temperature sensors they produce are utilized in many well-known automotive brands.